不可或缺的學習夥伴!!138個常用數學名詞對照與定義表

今次,我將之前這份實用的《一目瞭然!!138個常用數學名詞中英日文對照表》進行全新升級!這次不僅包含粵語、英文的對照,更為每個名詞新增了 定義與解釋 (中文與英文對照)。這樣做的目的是讓學習者能夠清晰理解數學名詞的核心概念,並且更容易運用這些知識於實際情境中。

以下是升級版本中部分名詞的示例內容:

  • Right-angled triangle 直角三角形 中文定義:一個內角為 90° 的三角形,例如:3, 4, 5 為邊長的三角形是直角三角形。 English Definition: A triangle with one internal angle of 90°, e.g., a triangle with sides 3, 4, and 5 is a right-angled triangle.
  • Perpendicular lines 垂直線 中文定義:兩條直線相交並形成直角(90°),例如:牆壁與地板通常互相垂直。 English Definition: Two straight lines that intersect to form a right angle (90°), e.g., walls and floors are typically perpendicular.

這次升級不僅適合數學愛好者,更是學校教學及自學者的強大工具!透過新增的定義與解釋,學習者可以深入理解每個概念背後的意義。例如,知道直角三角形的例子(3, 4, 5)或垂直線的日常應用(牆壁與地板),能夠大大增強記憶與應用能力。

無論你是學習基本的數學操作如加減乘除,還是進階的幾何與代數,這份 138個常用數學名詞對照與定義表 都是不可或缺的學習夥伴。希望這次改進能幫助你更好地理解和運用數學知識!

編號名詞 (中文)定義與解釋 (中文)Definition and Explanation (English)
1Mixed operations 四則包括加法、減法、乘法和除法,並且需按運算規則(括號優先、乘除優先)解決問題。Includes addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, solved following order of operations (parentheses first, then multiplication/division).
2Addition 加法將兩個或多個數字或量合併在一起的運算。An operation that combines two or more numbers or quantities together.
3Add/plus 加表示加法運算的動作,例如:3 + 2 代表將3和2相加。Represents the action of addition, e.g., 3 + 2 means adding 3 and 2.
4Sum 和加法運算的結果,例如:3 + 2 = 5,其中5是和。The result of an addition operation, e.g., 3 + 2 = 5, where 5 is the sum.
5Subtraction 減法從一個數字或量中減去另一個數字或量的運算。An operation where one number or quantity is taken away from another.
6Subtract/minus 減表示減法運算的動作,例如:5 – 3 代表從5中減去3。Represents the action of subtraction, e.g., 5 – 3 means taking 3 away from 5.
7Difference 差減法運算的結果,例如:5 – 3 = 2,其中2是差。The result of a subtraction operation, e.g., 5 – 3 = 2, where 2 is the difference.
8Multiplication 乘法重複加法的運算,例如:3 × 2 意味著將3重複相加2次(3 + 3 = 6)。An operation that represents repeated addition, e.g., 3 × 2 means adding 3 twice (3 + 3 = 6).
9Multiply/times 乘表示乘法運算的動作,例如:3 × 2 代表將3乘以2。Represents the action of multiplication, e.g., 3 × 2 means multiplying 3 by 2.
10Product 積乘法運算的結果,例如:3 × 2 = 6,其中6是積。The result of a multiplication operation, e.g., 3 × 2 = 6, where 6 is the product.
11Division 除法將一個數字或量分成若干相等部分的運算。An operation that divides a number or quantity into equal parts.
12Divide 除表示除法運算的動作,例如:6 ÷ 2 代表將6平均分成2份。Represents the action of division, e.g., 6 ÷ 2 means dividing 6 into 2 equal parts.
13Quotient 商除法運算的結果,例如:6 ÷ 2 = 3,其中3是商。The result of a division operation, e.g., 6 ÷ 2 = 3, where 3 is the quotient.
14Value 數值數字或量的表示或大小,例如:數值5代表某物的大小為5。The representation or magnitude of a number or quantity, e.g., the value 5 means a size of 5.
15Place value 位值在數字中,每個位上的數字的值,例如:在數字243中,4的位值是40。The value of a digit based on its position in a number, e.g., in 243, the place value of 4 is 40.
16Figure 數字/圖形表示數字或者幾何形狀,例如:3是一個數字,三角形是一個幾何圖形。Represents a number or a geometric shape, e.g., 3 is a number, and a triangle is a geometric figure.
17Integer 整數包括正數、負數和零的數字,例如:-2, 0, 3 都是整數。Whole numbers including positive numbers, negative numbers, and zero, e.g., -2, 0, 3 are integers.
18Whole number 完整數非負整數,例如:0, 1, 2 是完整數。Non-negative integers, e.g., 0, 1, 2 are whole numbers.
19Natural number 自然數自然數是從1開始的正整數,例如:1, 2, 3 是自然數。Positive integers starting from 1, e.g., 1, 2, 3 are natural numbers.
20Decimal (decimal fraction) 小數表示小於1的數字或包括小數點的數字,例如:0.5, 3.14 是小數。A number representing a value less than 1 or including a decimal point, e.g., 0.5, 3.14 are decimals.
21Fraction 分數表示部分或整體的一部分,用形式 a/b 表示,例如:1/2 表示一個整體的二分之一。Represents a part or portion of a whole, written as a/b, e.g., 1/2 represents one-half of a whole.
22Odd number 奇數/單數無法被2整除的數字,例如:1, 3, 5 是奇數。Numbers that cannot be evenly divided by 2, e.g., 1, 3, 5 are odd numbers.
23Even number 偶數/雙數可以被2整除的數字,例如:2, 4, 6 是偶數。Numbers that can be evenly divided by 2, e.g., 2, 4, 6 are even numbers.
24Positive number 正數大於零的數字,例如:1, 2.5 是正數。Numbers greater than zero, e.g., 1, 2.5 are positive numbers.
25Negative number 負數小於零的數字,例如:-1, -3.5 是負數。Numbers less than zero, e.g., -1, -3.5 are negative numbers.
26Prime number 質數大於1且只有1和自身作為因數的數字,例如:2, 3, 5 是質數。Numbers greater than 1 with only 1 and itself as factors, e.g., 2, 3, 5 are prime numbers.
27Composite number 合成數大於1且有超過兩個因數的數字,例如:4, 6, 8 是合成數。Numbers greater than 1 with more than two factors, e.g., 4, 6, 8 are composite numbers.
28Factor 因數可以整除某數的數字,例如:6 的因數是 1, 2, 3, 6。Numbers that divide another number evenly, e.g., factors of 6 are 1, 2, 3, and 6.
29Common factor 公因數兩個或多個數字共同擁有的因數,例如:12 和 18 的公因數是 1, 2, 3, 6。Factors shared by two or more numbers, e.g., common factors of 12 and 18 are 1, 2, 3, and 6.
30Highest common factor (H.C.F.) 最大公因數兩個或多個數字共同擁有的最大的因數,例如:12 和 18 的最大公因數是 6。The largest factor shared by two or more numbers, e.g., the H.C.F. of 12 and 18 is 6.
31Prime factor 質因數質數作為一個數的因數,例如:12 的質因數是 2 和 3。A factor of a number that is a prime number, e.g., the prime factors of 12 are 2 and 3.
32Multiple 倍數某數的倍數是將該數乘以整數後得到的結果,例如:3 的倍數是 3, 6, 9, 12 等。A multiple of a number is the result of multiplying it by an integer, e.g., multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, etc.
33Common multiple 公倍數兩個或多個數的共同倍數,例如:3 和 4 的公倍數是 12, 24 等。A multiple that is shared by two or more numbers, e.g., common multiples of 3 and 4 are 12, 24, etc.
34Least common multiple (L.C.M.) 最小公倍數兩個或多個數的最小共同倍數,例如:3 和 4 的最小公倍數是 12。The smallest common multiple of two or more numbers, e.g., the L.C.M. of 3 and 4 is 12.
35Index notation 指數記數法使用指數來表示重複相乘,例如:3³ 表示 3 × 3 × 3。A method of representing repeated multiplication using indices, e.g., 3³ means 3 × 3 × 3.
36Square root 平方根一個數的平方根是指該數的平方等於給定數,例如:16 的平方根是 4,因為 4² = 16。The square root of a number is a value that, when squared, equals the given number, e.g., the square root of 16 is 4 because 4² = 16.
37Cube root 立方根一個數的立方根是指該數的立方等於給定數,例如:27 的立方根是 3,因為 3³ = 27。The cube root of a number is a value that, when cubed, equals the given number, e.g., the cube root of 27 is 3 because 3³ = 27.
38Proper fraction 真分數分子小於分母的分數,例如:3/4 是真分數。A fraction where the numerator is smaller than the denominator, e.g., 3/4 is a proper fraction.
39Improper fraction 假分數分子大於或等於分母的分數,例如:5/4 和 4/4 是假分數。A fraction where the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator, e.g., 5/4 and 4/4 are improper fractions.
40Mixed number 帶分數包含整數部分和分數部分的數,例如:1 1/2 是帶分數。A number that includes both a whole number part and a fractional part, e.g., 1 1/2 is a mixed number.
41Simplify 化簡簡化數學式子或數字,例如:將 4/8 化簡為 1/2。To reduce a mathematical expression or number, e.g., simplifying 4/8 to 1/2.
42Equal to 等於表示兩個數字或量相等,例如:5 + 3 等於 8。Represents that two numbers or quantities are equal, e.g., 5 + 3 equals 8.
43Solve 解答找出問題或方程的答案,例如:解答 x + 2 = 5,得到 x = 3。To find the answer to a problem or equation, e.g., solving x + 2 = 5 gives x = 3.
44Ascending order 遞升次序(由小至大)按從小到大的順序排列數字,例如:1, 3, 5。Arranging numbers in increasing order, e.g., 1, 3, 5.
45Descending order 遞減次序(由大至小)按從大到小的順序排列數字,例如:5, 3, 1。Arranging numbers in decreasing order, e.g., 5, 3, 1.
46To the lowest term/in the simplest form 約至最簡將分數化簡為最小的形式,例如:6/9 化簡為 2/3。To reduce a fraction to its simplest form, e.g., simplifying 6/9 to 2/3.
47Numerator 分子分數中位於分數線上方的數字,表示部分,例如:在 3/4 中,3 是分子。The number above the fraction line representing the part, e.g., in 3/4, 3 is the numerator.
48Denominator 分母分數中位於分數線下方的數字,表示整體,例如:在 3/4 中,4 是分母。The number below the fraction line representing the whole, e.g., in 3/4, 4 is the denominator.
49Consecutive numbers 連續數連續的數字,例如:1, 2, 3 是連續數。Numbers that follow each other in order, e.g., 1, 2, 3 are consecutive numbers.
50Average 平均數將數字總和除以數量,例如:3, 4, 5 的平均數是 (3 + 4 + 5)/3 = 4。The total sum of numbers divided by the count, e.g., the average of 3, 4, 5 is (3 + 4 + 5)/3 = 4.
51Correct to three places of decimal 計至小數後三位將數值調整為小數點後三位,例如:3.14159 調整為 3.142。Rounding or correcting a number to three decimal places, e.g., 3.14159 is adjusted to 3.142.
52Increase 增加將數值或量提高,例如:5 增加 3 得到 8。To raise the value or quantity, e.g., increasing 5 by 3 results in 8.
53Decrease/deduct 減少將數值或量降低,例如:8 減少 3 得到 5。To lower the value or quantity, e.g., decreasing 8 by 3 results in 5.
54Left 剩餘剩下的數值或量,例如:10 個蘋果中吃掉 3 個後剩下 7 個。The remaining value or quantity, e.g., 7 apples are left after eating 3 out of 10.
55Total 總和數字或量的總合,例如:3, 4 和 5 的總和是 12。The sum of numbers or quantities, e.g., the total of 3, 4, and 5 is 12.
56Altogether 合共所有項目總和,例如:小明有 5 元,小花有 7 元,合共是 12 元。The combined sum of all items, e.g., if Xiao Ming has 5 dollars and Xiao Hua has 7 dollars, altogether they have 12 dollars.
57Share 分給將某物分配給他人,例如:將 12 塊蛋糕分給 4 人,每人分得 3 塊。To distribute something among others, e.g., sharing 12 cakes among 4 people gives each person 3 cakes.
58Equally share 平均分配將某物平均分給所有人,例如:將 15 元平均分配給 3 人,每人得 5 元。To divide something equally among all, e.g., equally sharing 15 dollars among 3 people gives each person 5 dollars.
59Remainder 餘數除法中剩餘的部分,例如:7 ÷ 3 = 2 餘 1,其中 1 是餘數。The leftover part in division, e.g., 7 ÷ 3 = 2 remainder 1, where 1 is the remainder.
60Change 找贖購物中找回的餘款,例如:用 10 元買 7 元的商品,找贖 3 元。The amount of money returned after a purchase, e.g., if you pay 10 dollars for a 7-dollar item, the change is 3 dollars.
61Equation 方程式包含未知數和等號的數學式子,例如:x + 2 = 5 是一個方程式。A mathematical statement containing an unknown and an equals sign, e.g., x + 2 = 5 is an equation.
62Proportion 比例表示兩個數字或量之間的關係,例如:2:3 和 4:6 是比例,因為它們等比。Represents the relationship between two numbers or quantities, e.g., 2:3 and 4:6 form a proportion as they are equivalent ratios.
63Direct proportion 正比例兩數值成正比時,一個數值增加,另一個數值也以相同比例增加,例如:距離和時間在固定速度下成正比例。When two values increase in the same ratio, e.g., distance and time are in direct proportion at constant speed.
64Arc 弧圓的一部分,例如:圓的弧是圓周的一段線段。A part of the circumference of a circle, e.g., an arc is a segment of the circle’s edge.
65Data 數據數字或事實的集合,通常用於分析或解決問題,例如:測量溫度的數據。A collection of numbers or facts, often used for analysis or problem-solving, e.g., temperature measurements.
66Divisor 除數除法中用來分割另一個數的數,例如:12 ÷ 4 中,4 是除數。The number by which another number is divided in division, e.g., in 12 ÷ 4, 4 is the divisor.
67Dividend 被除數除法中被分割的數,例如:12 ÷ 4 中,12 是被除數。The number being divided in division, e.g., in 12 ÷ 4, 12 is the dividend.
68Algebra 代數包括變數和方程式的數學分支,例如:x + y = 10 是代數的一部分。A branch of mathematics involving variables and equations, e.g., x + y = 10 is part of algebra.
69Compass 圓規一種繪圖工具,用於畫圓或弧,例如:使用圓規畫直徑為 5cm 的圓。A drawing tool used for creating circles or arcs, e.g., using a compass to draw a circle with a diameter of 5cm.
70Protractor 量角器用於測量或繪製角度的工具,例如:量角器可測量直角 (90°)。A tool used for measuring or drawing angles, e.g., a protractor can measure a right angle (90°).
71Set-square 三角尺用於畫直角、等腰三角形或特定角度的工具,例如:45°或30°角。A tool used for drawing right angles, isosceles triangles, or specific angles, e.g., 45° or 30°.
72Symbol 符號表示數學運算或概念的標誌,例如:+ 表示加法,= 表示等於。A mark representing a mathematical operation or concept, e.g., + for addition, = for equality.
73Area 面積平面圖形的大小,例如:矩形的面積為長乘以寬 (長 × 闊)。The size of a flat shape, e.g., the area of a rectangle is length × width.
74Perimeter 周界圍繞平面圖形的邊長總和,例如:正方形的周界為邊長的 4 倍。The total length of the edges of a flat shape, e.g., the perimeter of a square is 4 times the side length.
75Length 長物體或圖形的長度,例如:矩形的一邊較長的部分稱為長。The measure of the longer side of an object or figure, e.g., the longer side of a rectangle is referred to as its length.
76Width/breadth 闊物體或圖形的寬度,例如:矩形的一邊較短的部分稱為闊。The measure of the shorter side of an object or figure, e.g., the shorter side of a rectangle is referred to as its width.
77Height 高垂直方向上的度量,例如:三角形的高度從頂點垂直到底邊的距離。The measure in the vertical direction, e.g., the height of a triangle is the distance from its apex perpendicular to its base.
78Upper base 上底梯形上方的底邊,例如:梯形的上底與下底平行但較短。The upper parallel side of a trapezium, e.g., the upper base is shorter than the lower base.
79Lower base 下底梯形下方的底邊,例如:梯形的下底與上底平行但較長。The lower parallel side of a trapezium, e.g., the lower base is longer than the upper base.
80Volume 體積立體圖形所佔的空間,例如:長方體的體積為長 × 闊 × 高。The amount of space occupied by a 3D shape, e.g., the volume of a rectangular prism is length × width × height.
81Total surface area 總表面積立體物件所有表面面積的總和,例如:長方體的總表面積公式為 2 × (長 × 闊 + 長 × 高 + 闊 × 高)。The sum of all the surface areas of a 3D object, e.g., for a cuboid, the total surface area formula is 2 × (length × width + length × height + width × height).
82Cube 立方體六個面均為正方形且相等的立體形狀,例如:骰子是一個立方體。A 3D shape with six equal square faces, e.g., a dice is a cube.
83Cuboid 長方體六個面均為矩形的立體形狀,例如:紙盒是長方體。A 3D shape where all six faces are rectangles, e.g., a box is a cuboid.
84Altitude 高三角形或立體形狀中從頂點垂直到底部或底邊的距離,例如:從三角形的頂點垂直到底邊的長度是高度。The perpendicular distance from the top to the base of a triangle or 3D shape, e.g., the length from a triangle’s vertex to its base is the altitude.
85Circle 圓所有點到圓心距離相等的平面封閉圖形,例如:硬幣的形狀是圓形。A flat, closed shape where all points are equidistant from the center, e.g., the shape of a coin is a circle.
86Semi-circle 半圓圓的一半,例如:將圓形沿直徑一分為二得到兩個半圓。Half of a circle, e.g., dividing a circle along its diameter creates two semi-circles.
87Radius 半徑從圓心到圓周的距離,例如:半徑為 5cm 的圓表示圓心到圓周的距離是 5cm。The distance from the center of a circle to any point on its circumference, e.g., a circle with a radius of 5 cm has a center-to-edge distance of 5 cm.
88Diameter 直徑通過圓心連接兩點的線段,其長度是半徑的兩倍,例如:半徑為 5cm 的圓直徑是 10cm。A line segment passing through the center of a circle connecting two points on its circumference, its length is twice the radius, e.g., a circle with a radius of 5 cm has a diameter of 10 cm.
89Circumference 圓周圓的周界長度,例如:圓周公式為 2 × π × 半徑。The perimeter or boundary length of a circle, e.g., the circumference formula is 2 × π × radius.
90Centre 圓心圓的中心點,所有點到圓心的距離相等。The central point of a circle where all points on the circumference are equidistant.
91Rectangle 長方形四邊形的一種,對邊相等且每個內角都是 90°,例如:書本封面多為長方形。A quadrilateral with opposite sides equal and each internal angle being 90°, e.g., a book cover is often rectangular.
92Square 正方形四邊形的一種,所有四邊相等,且每個內角都是 90°,例如:棋盤格子是正方形。A quadrilateral with all four sides equal and each internal angle being 90°, e.g., chessboard squares are squares.
93Triangle 三角形有三條邊和三個角的平面形狀,例如:屋頂的框架結構通常是三角形。A plane shape with three sides and three angles, e.g., the framework of a roof is often triangular.
94Parallelogram 平行四邊形四邊形的一種,對邊平行且相等,例如:平行四邊形的面積公式是底邊 × 高。A quadrilateral with opposite sides parallel and equal, e.g., the area of a parallelogram is base × height.
95Trapezium 梯形只有一組對邊平行的四邊形,例如:梯形的面積公式為 (上底 + 下底) × 高 ÷ 2。A quadrilateral with only one pair of parallel sides, e.g., the area of a trapezium is (upper base + lower base) × height ÷ 2.
96Rhombus 菱形四邊形的一種,所有四邊相等,且對角線互相垂直,例如:風箏的形狀通常是菱形。A quadrilateral with all sides equal and diagonals perpendicular to each other, e.g., a kite’s shape is often rhombus-like.
97Quadrilateral 四邊形有四條邊的平面形狀,種類包括長方形、正方形等,例如:教室的黑板是四邊形。A plane shape with four sides, including types like rectangle and square, e.g., a classroom board is quadrilateral in shape.
98Pentagon 五邊形有五條邊和五個角的平面形狀,例如:五角大樓的建築平面是五邊形。A plane shape with five sides and five angles, e.g., the Pentagon building’s layout is pentagonal.
99Hexagon 六邊形有六條邊和六個角的平面形狀,例如:蜂巢的結構是六邊形。A plane shape with six sides and six angles, e.g., the structure of a honeycomb is hexagonal.
100Polygon 多邊形有三條或以上邊的平面形狀,例如:三角形、四邊形、五邊形等都是多邊形。A plane shape with three or more sides, e.g., triangles, quadrilaterals, and pentagons are all polygons.
101Straight line 直線沒有彎曲的線段,兩端可以無限延伸,例如:兩點之間最短的距離是直線。A line segment with no curves that can extend infinitely in both directions, e.g., the shortest distance between two points is a straight line.
102Curves 曲線不直的連續線條,例如:圓周或波浪形線條都是曲線。Continuous lines that are not straight, e.g., the circumference of a circle or wavy lines are curves.
103Parallel lines 平行線永不相交且保持固定距離的兩條直線,例如:鐵路軌道是平行線。Two straight lines that never intersect and maintain a constant distance, e.g., railway tracks are parallel lines.
104Intersecting lines 相交線交於一點的兩條直線,例如:十字路口的兩條道路相交。Two straight lines that meet at a point, e.g., two roads intersecting at a crossroads.
105Perpendicular lines 垂直線兩條直線相交並形成直角(90°),例如:牆壁與地板通常互相垂直。Two straight lines that intersect to form a right angle (90°), e.g., walls and floors are typically perpendicular.
106Diagonal 對角線連接多邊形內兩個不相鄰頂點的線段,例如:正方形內的對角線將其分為兩個三角形。A line segment that connects two non-adjacent vertices of a polygon, e.g., the diagonal of a square divides it into two triangles.
107Angle 角由兩條相交線形成的平面圖形,例如:一個標準的直角是 90°。A plane figure formed by two intersecting lines, e.g., a standard right angle is 90°.
108Opposite angle 對角由兩條相交線形成的相對角度,例如:相交直線形成的對角相等。Angles that are opposite to each other formed by two intersecting lines, e.g., opposite angles formed by intersecting lines are equal.
109Right angle 直角90° 的角,例如:正方形的每個內角都是直角。An angle of 90°, e.g., every internal angle of a square is a right angle.
110Acute angle 銳角小於 90° 的角,例如:30° 是一個銳角。An angle that is less than 90°, e.g., 30° is an acute angle.
111Obtuse angle 鈍角大於 90° 但小於 180° 的角,例如:120° 是一個鈍角。An angle greater than 90° but less than 180°, e.g., 120° is an obtuse angle.
112Reflex angle 反角大於 180° 但小於 360° 的角,例如:210° 是一個反角。An angle greater than 180° but less than 360°, e.g., 210° is a reflex angle.
113Vertex 頂角(角之頂點)角的頂點是兩條線相交的點,例如:三角形的每個頂角都是一個頂點。The point where two lines meet to form an angle, e.g., each corner of a triangle is a vertex.
114Construction 作圖使用工具如尺和圓規繪製幾何圖形,例如:作圖可以畫出正三角形或平行四邊形。The process of drawing geometric shapes using tools like rulers and compasses, e.g., constructing an equilateral triangle or a parallelogram.
115Irregular figure 不規則圖形不符合標準形狀的圖形,例如:不規則多邊形其邊長和角度各不相同。A shape that does not conform to standard forms, e.g., an irregular polygon with different side lengths and angles.
116Right-angled triangle 直角三角形一個內角為 90° 的三角形,例如:3, 4, 5 為邊長的三角形是直角三角形。A triangle with one internal angle of 90°, e.g., a triangle with sides 3, 4, and 5 is a right-angled triangle.
117Isosceles triangle 等腰三角形至少有兩條邊相等的三角形,例如:兩邊長為 5cm 的三角形是等腰三角形。A triangle with at least two equal sides, e.g., a triangle with two sides of 5 cm is an isosceles triangle.
118Equilateral triangle 等邊三角形三條邊長相等且內角均為 60° 的三角形,例如:正三角形是等邊三角形的一種。A triangle with all three sides equal and each internal angle being 60°, e.g., an equilateral triangle is a specific type of triangle.
119Geometry 幾何學研究形狀、大小、位置和比例的數學分支,例如:圓和三角形是幾何學的基本圖形。The branch of mathematics dealing with shapes, sizes, positions, and proportions, e.g., circles and triangles are basic figures in geometry.
120Percentage 百分率表示一個數是另一個數的百分比,例如:50% 表示一半。A way of expressing a number as a fraction of 100, e.g., 50% represents half.
121Discount 折扣商品或服務價格的減免,例如:原價 100 元的商品有 20% 折扣,折後價格為 80 元。A reduction in the price of a product or service, e.g., an item priced at 100 dollars with a 20% discount costs 80 dollars after the discount.
122Gain 賺購買和銷售價格之間的正差額,例如:以 80 元買進,以 100 元賣出,則賺 20 元。The positive difference between buying and selling prices, e.g., buying for 80 dollars and selling for 100 dollars results in a gain of 20 dollars.
123Loss 賠購買和銷售價格之間的負差額,例如:以 100 元買進,以 80 元賣出,則賠 20 元。The negative difference between buying and selling prices, e.g., buying for 100 dollars and selling for 80 dollars results in a loss of 20 dollars.
124Cost price 成本購買或製造商品的成本,例如:生產一件商品所需的成本是 50 元。The price at which an item is bought or manufactured, e.g., the cost price of producing an item is 50 dollars.
125Selling price 售價商品售出的價格,例如:商店以 120 元的售價出售一件商品。The price at which an item is sold, e.g., a shop sells an item for 120 dollars.
126Marked price 定價商品的標示價格,通常是未經折扣或減免的原價,例如:商品的定價為 150 元。The price tagged on an item, usually the original price without discounts or deductions, e.g., the marked price of an item is 150 dollars.
127Profit 利潤收入與成本之間的正差額,例如:售價為 150 元,成本為 100 元,利潤為 50 元。The positive difference between revenue and cost, e.g., if the selling price is 150 dollars and the cost is 100 dollars, the profit is 50 dollars.
128Profit percentage/gain percentage 賺率利潤相對於成本的百分比,例如:利潤為 50 元,成本為 100 元,賺率為 50%。The percentage of profit relative to the cost, e.g., if the profit is 50 dollars and the cost is 100 dollars, the profit percentage is 50%.
129Loss percentage 賠率損失相對於成本的百分比,例如:損失為 20 元,成本為 100 元,賠率為 20%。The percentage of loss relative to the cost, e.g., if the loss is 20 dollars and the cost is 100 dollars, the loss percentage is 20%.
130Direction 方向指定的路線或方向,例如:從北到南的方向。A specified course or orientation, e.g., the direction from north to south.
131Speed 速度每單位時間的移動距離,例如:車的速度為每小時 60 公里。The distance traveled per unit of time, e.g., a car’s speed is 60 kilometers per hour.
132Distance 距離兩點之間的直線或路徑長度,例如:家到學校的距離是 5 公里。The length of a straight line or path between two points, e.g., the distance from home to school is 5 kilometers.
133Dimensions 空間的任何量度描述物體的大小或範圍,例如:箱子的長度、寬度和高度是其空間量度。Any measurement of space, such as length, width, height, or depth of an object, e.g., the dimensions of a box are its length, width, and height.
134Statistical chart 統計圖用於表示數據的圖表,例如:條形圖或折線圖是一種統計圖表。A chart used to represent data, e.g., bar charts or line graphs are types of statistical charts.
135Pie chart 圓形圖用圓形表示比例的圖表,例如:50% 用半圓表示。A chart that uses a circle to represent proportions, e.g., 50% is shown as a semicircle.
136Sector 扇形圓的一部分由兩條半徑和弧圍成,例如:圓餅圖中的每一片餅都可以看作一個扇形。A part of a circle enclosed by two radii and an arc, e.g., each slice in a pie chart can be considered a sector.
137Horizontal axis 橫軸圖表中的水平線,用於表示數據的基礎,例如:時間通常顯示在橫軸上。The horizontal line in a chart used to represent a baseline, e.g., time is often shown on the horizontal axis.
138Vertical axis 縱軸圖表中的垂直線,用於表示變化或數據的測量值,例如:收入數據通常顯示在縱軸上。The vertical line in a chart used to represent changes or measured values, e.g., income data is often displayed on the vertical axis.

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